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Xún Yǐn Zhě Bù YùSeeking the Recluse but Not Finding Him 寻隐者不遇

Jia Dao (贾岛, also known as Chia Tao, Langxian)|Mid Tang|five-character quatrain

Jia Dao's conversation with a boy under the pines.

Original Chinese text with pinyin

松下问童子
sōng xià wèn tóng zǐ

言师采药去
yán shī cǎi yào qù

只在此山中
zhǐ zài cǐ shān zhōng

云深不知处
yún shēn bù zhī chù

Simplified characters; traditional title: 尋隱者不遇.

English translation

I ask your lad under the pines.

He says, "My master has gone for herbs.

He is somewhere in these mountains,

But clouds are deep — I know not where."

Original translation by Poetune — literal but poetic, written for this site.

Line by line

松下问童子 · sōng xià wèn tóng zǐ — I ask your lad under the pines.
言师采药去 · yán shī cǎi yào qù — He says, "My master has gone for herbs.
只在此山中 · zhǐ zài cǐ shān zhōng — He is somewhere in these mountains,
云深不知处 · yún shēn bù zhī chù — But clouds are deep — I know not where."

Meaning and imagery

The whole poem is a dialogue, but we hear only the answers: three replies to three unspoken questions. The hermit never appears, yet his presence fills the poem — the pines, the herbs, the cloud-wrapped mountain describe him. Being unable to find him is itself the point: the recluse has dissolved into nature.

Background

Attributed to Jia Dao (some sources give Sun Ge). Visiting a hermit and missing him was a favorite theme in Tang poetry.

Key words

童子 tóng zǐ
a boy servant
采药 cǎi yào
gathering medicinal herbs
云深 yún shēn
deep among the clouds

About the poet: Jia Dao

Jia Dao, once a Buddhist monk, was famous for agonizing over single words; the Chinese term for careful revision, "tuiqiao" (push or knock), comes from a story about him. His poems are austere and quiet.

Lifetime: 779–843. Other famous works: Seeking the Recluse but Not Finding Him (寻隐者不遇).

Names from this poem

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